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Trademark Investigation Best Practices – Hetherington Group

February 14, 20251 min read

In our digital world, legal professionals involved in trademark cases must utilize open-source intelligence (OSINT) to conduct trademark investigations and verify trademark claims. Contrary to popular belief, registering a trademark does not automatically grant exclusive ownership—legal precedent prioritizes usage over registration. The document provides insights into trademark infringement risks, the role of intellectual property (IP) investigators, and how legal professionals utilize OSINT tools to verify trademark claims during a trademark investigation. It also covers types of trademarks, including generic, descriptive, suggestive, fanciful, arbitrary, service marks, and trade dress. 

A key focus of the paper is how businesses can preserve and protect trademarks in the digital age. It outlines the importance of monitoring trademark usage on social media and leveraging digital forensic tools to verify historical use. The paper also provides real-world case studies illustrating the costly mistakes companies make when failing to conduct trademark investigations and due diligence. By using OSINT strategies, businesses can safeguard their brand identity, prevent unauthorized third-party use, and avoid legal disputes that could result in significant financial losses. 

Download this research paper to understand the different open-source tools and methods available for trademark investigations.    


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Jake Pennington researches, investigates, and protects trademarks for some of the world’s most recognizable brands. With over 3,500 investigations conducted throughout his career for clients of all sizes, he has gained expertise across a wide range of industries. In addition to leading trademark investigations, Jake is responsible for training Hetherington Group analysts on how to apply their open-source investigative skills to protect and monitor products, brands, and trademarks for current and future clients.

Jake Pennington

Jake Pennington researches, investigates, and protects trademarks for some of the world’s most recognizable brands. With over 3,500 investigations conducted throughout his career for clients of all sizes, he has gained expertise across a wide range of industries. In addition to leading trademark investigations, Jake is responsible for training Hetherington Group analysts on how to apply their open-source investigative skills to protect and monitor products, brands, and trademarks for current and future clients.

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